Vitamin supportEvidence: established (deficiency)Supplement / approved (deficiency)
Approved drug — used here for education. This is an approved/prescription medicine in at least one region; "research"/compounded versions sold as chemicals are a separate, riskier thing. Not medical advice.
What it is
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential vitamin (not a peptide) required for red-blood-cell formation, neurological function and DNA synthesis.
Proposed mechanism
It is a cofactor for enzymes in methylation and fatty-acid/amino-acid metabolism; deficiency causes anemia and neuropathy.1 Extra B12 in replete people does not add energy.
State of the evidence
Clearly beneficial in deficiency; no benefit from megadoses in replete people.
Regulatory & status
Available as supplement; injectable used medically for deficiency.
For educational and research purposes only. This content is not medical advice. Vitamin B12 is a supplement/medical treatment for deficiency; not a general energy therapy. Free Peptide University does not sell compounds.